From the International Business Times
By Uzay Bulut
October 28, 2014 12:10 GMT
You may have heard of the Armenian genocide.
You've probably heard of Stalin's starvation of the Ukrainians, and the
atrocities committed by the European empires in Africa. You've definitely heard
of the Holocaust.
Yet chances are you've never heard of the
Assyrian genocide, even though this was just as brutal and costly. It was
perpetrated alongside the Armenian massacre, yet only one of the twin
programmes has lived on in infamy.
The Assyrian genocide occurred 100 years ago,
and decimated a people whose territory stretched from the areas now known as
Iraq, Turkey, Syria and Egypt. Today, this very same area is the world's
fiercest conflict zone, the wounds which opened a century ago showing no sign
of healing.
Which makes it all the more important that we
remember the horrors inflicted on the Assyrians all those years ago.
Ethnic cleansing
Historians today describe the Assyrian Genocide
as a programme of extermination carried out by the Ottoman Empire upon the Chaldean,
Syriac and Assyrian populations. All three peoples were Christian, and the
Ottomans attempted to wipe them out during a wider ethnic cleansing campaign,
which also included the Armenian and Greek genocides.
The Assyrian extermination campaign actually
lasted from 1914 to 1923, Turkey's rulers carrying on the killing long after
their empire had been dismantled. The death toll varies depending which
historical scholar or record you consult.
"Estimates on the overall death toll vary,
with some contemporary reports placing the figure at 270,000, and estimates
range to as many as 750,000," reported Dr. Israel W. Charny, the editor of
two-volume Encyclopedia of Genocide and executive director of the Institute on
the Holocaust and Genocide.
Charny groups the Assyrian Genocide together
with the massacre of Greeks and Armenians in a "Christian Holocaust",
which he claims was "the precursor to the Jewish Holocaust in WWII."
Ottoman Jihad against native Christian
populations
Sabri Atman, who is also one of the most
well-known lecturers on the Assyrian Genocide, said in an interview with the
Armenian Weekly this year that the Ottoman Empire was bent on "ethnically
annihilating all non-Muslim citizens living under the Ottoman occupation, with
the objective of homogenising Turkey in accordance with their goal to create a
nation of 'One Religion'.
"Their motto was 'One Nation, One
Religion.' To achieve their goal, jihad (or holy war) was declared on Nov. 14,
1914 in all of the Ottoman mosques... The main plot was to get rid of all the
Christian minorities of Turkey,."
Atman added that "Denial is a form of
continuation of the genocide. It is to be killed twice."
Hannibal Travis, a Professor of Law at Florida
International University, wrote an article on the Assyrian Genocide in 2006,
suggesting that "the Ottoman Empire's widespread persecution of Assyrian
civilians during World War I constituted a form of genocide... a deliberate and
systematic campaign of massacre, torture, abduction, deportation,
impoverishment, and cultural and ethnic destruction.
"Established principles of international
law outlawed this war of extermination against Ottoman Christian civilians
before it was embarked upon, and ample evidence of genocidal intent has
surfaced in the form of admissions by Ottoman officials.
"Nevertheless, the international community
has been hesitant to recognize the Assyrian experience as a form of
genocide."
Finally, a monument
An Assyrian genocide monument, in memory of the
Assyrian victims of the Christian genocide of the Ottoman Empire during World
War One, was erected on 19 October in Athens. The monument's opening was
attended by Kyriakos Betsaras, the president of the Assyrian Union of
Greece, as well as the current and
former Mayors of Athens.
Assyrian Monument vandalised in Sydney, Australia in 2101. |
Sabri Atman spoke at the ceremony, called on
"Turkey and all nations around the world to recognise this historical
reality," adding: "In recent years, Assyrians have been working
diligently towards greater public awareness and worldwide recognition of the
Assyrian Genocide.
"The ethnic extermination of hundreds of
thousands of our people and the destruction of our lands forever changed the
demographics of the area we called home for thousands of years. We Assyrians
standing here today are the children of a nation which was almost completely
eliminated from the face of the earth," he said.
"I'm also proud to stand in front of you
today knowing that over 20 countries have officially recognized the Armenian
Genocide. It is my hope that in the future, countries will continue to follow
in this pattern, and will also include the recognition of Assyrians and Greeks
as victims of the same Genocide."
Monuments commemorating the victims of the
Assyrian genocide have also been erected in Sweden, Belgium, France, Armenia,
Australia, Wales and the United States. Whether Turkey follows suit, however,
remains to be seen.